Differences between forging, stamping and casting
28,2022
1、 Differences between forging and casting
1. Concept difference
① Casting: turning invisible liquid metal into visible solid.
② Forging: To change a solid of one shape into a solid of another.
③ Casting is like you play with wax. You buy wax (scrap steel, or pig iron), then turn the wax into liquid, and add some molds, so you can get things of different shapes. (solid liquid solid)
④ Forging is like the process of making bread. You knead small dough and put it in the mold to make products of different shapes. Almost solids can change their shape into other shapes (solid to solid) at high temperatures.
⑤ Casting is the process of casting molten metal into the mold to obtain castings. Casting focuses on metal smelting process and process control in casting process.
Forging is a kind of solid forming, which can be divided into hot processing and cold processing, such as extrusion, drawing, pier thickness, punching, etc.
2. Forging is slow forming, while casting is one-time forming
① Casting: molten liquid metal filling cavity cooling. Porosity can easily occur in the middle of the part.
② Forging: It is mainly extruded at high temperature. It can refine the grains in the part.
2、 Differences between free forging and die forging
Free forging is a processing method that the heated metal blank is placed on the forging equipment, and the impact force or pressure is exerted between the iron to directly deform the blank plastic, so as to obtain the required forging. Because of its simple shape and flexible operation, free forging is suitable for the production of single piece, small batch and heavy forgings. Free forging is divided into manual free forging and machine free forging. Manual free forging has low production efficiency and high labor intensity. It is only used for repair or production of simple, small batch forgings. In modern industrial production, machine free forging has become the main method of forging production, which plays a particularly important role in heavy machinery manufacturing.
The full name of die forging is die forging. The heated blank is placed in the forging die fixed on the die forging equipment for forging. Die forging can be carried out on various equipment. In industrial production, steam air hammer is mainly used for die forging on hammer, with tonnage of 5kn~300kn (0.5~30t). The hot die forging press is often used for die forging on the press, with a tonnage of 25000 kn~63000 kn.
The forging structure of die forging includes single die chamber forging and multi die chamber forging. Fix the forging die with dovetail groove and wedge to prevent falling and moving left and right; The forging die is accurately positioned through the matching of the key and the keyway to prevent forward and backward movement. A single die is usually the final forging die. In the forging process, it is usually necessary to hammer the blank with air, and then form it by multiple hammering of the final forging die, take out the forging and cut off the flash.
casting
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